Sleep Hygiene Good sleep hygiene helps you to be alert and function well during the day Sleep isn’t just about lying in bed until you are rested – sleep is affected by your lifestyle, bedtime routines, stress, exercise and caffeine intake, and even the organisation of your bedroom. All of these can affect how quickly you fall asleep, the number of times you awake during the night and if you awake feeling refreshed and alert.
What Are Healthy Sleep Habits?
Sleep habits (also called sleep hygiene) are behaviors that promote healthy and good sleep. They include all the activities that you do during the day and before bed, and the environment that you sleep in.
Examples of good sleep habits:
- Try to go to bed and get up at the same time every day.
- Exercise regularly.
- Get outside in the natural daylight during the day.
- Limit caffeine during the afternoon and evening.
- Have a relaxing routine before bed.
- Manage your stress.
- Create a comfortable bedroom environment that is dark and quiet.
- Limit activities that are stimulating in the evening time.
You don’t need to change all of your habits right away. Focus on a couple first and practice them to be consistent before adding any additional habits.
Consistent Sleep Schedule
One of the simplest strategies to improve your sleep patterns is to set a consistent schedule for going to bed and getting up each day–including weekends! Once you have created a predictable pattern, it can help your body to fall asleep more easily at your usual bedtime and to rise more easily in the morning. While it may be tough to set a schedule if it is extremely variable, go slow.
Try to shift your schedule gradually, instead of making a drastic change in your bedtime all at once.
Your morning rising time is often a helpful point on which to hang your schedule as it may be easier to regulate your bedtime.
Relaxing Before Bed

Going straight from work, study, gaming or scrolling your social feeds into bed could be a barrier to relaxation. Encourage a winding down period before bed and limit stimulation – engage in calming activities rather than energising ones.
You could:
- Read a book
- Take a warm shower or bath
- Listen to quiet music
- Practice deep breathing
- Do gentle stretching
- Write down tomorrow’s tasks
- Practice meditation
- Dim the lights around your home
Try to make your routine predictable. Repeating the same relaxing activities each night can help create a stronger association between your evening routine and sleep.
Limiting Caffeine and Alcohol
Anything you drink during the day may have an impact on your night’s sleep. Caffeine, the stimulant of choice in our country, can take a long time to leave your system. Your next cup of java is just an obvious example of this, but tea, energy drinks, cola, chocolates and certain medicines contain caffeine too. If caffeine seems to be the culprit and keeping you awake, try to cut down on consumption in the late afternoon.
Alcohol is a different story. Even though it can make you feel drowsy initially, alcohol consumption in the latter part of the day may also disrupt sleep patterns and increase the incidence of awakening at night.
Notice: if your behaviors may not be working for you and that may be true for everyone.
Regular Physical Activity
Regular physical activity is another important part of healthy sleep habits. Exercise can support overall health and may help you sleep more consistently.
You do not need an intense workout every day. Activities such as:
- Walking
- Cycling
- Swimming
- Strength training
- Yoga
- Dancing
- Recreational sports
can all contribute to an active lifestyle.
Should working out make you feel more energized rather than sleepy, then do your more intense workouts earlier in the day. The most effective exercise routine is one you’re able to stick with.
Healthy Daytime Habits
Good Sleep begins before bedtime Even your routine throughout the day impacts your body’s sleep-wake cycle and what time you’re alert at night. Take advantage of the sun by stepping outdoors for a period during the day, especially earlier in the day. Being active also enables you to physically develop good sleep pressure by night.
Other useful daytime habits include:
- Eating balanced meals
- Keeping a regular daily routine
- Avoiding unnecessarily long naps
- Staying active rather than spending the entire day in bed
- Getting exposure to daylight
- Managing stressful tasks earlier when possible
If you nap, keep it appropriate for your needs and avoid allowing naps to interfere with nighttime sleep.
Managing Stress
If Stress and/or Thoughts are making it hard to sleep during the time you intend to be sleeping, then relax by doing these steps instead of fighting the sleep.
1. Deep breathing – breathe slow in and out for some breaths/seconds or repeat a mantra to yourself.
2. Journaling – write down any worries, tasks to do, what needs to get done tomorrow before bed.
3. Progressive muscle relaxation – tense up muscles, then relax (especially for shoulders and neck).
4. Mindfulness – meditate on just sitting here and not thinking about tomorrow or today and reliving the day.
So much sleep! However, if the sleep problems are related to long term stress or anxiety changing your sleep cycle will not be as effective and you should address the stress and anxiety instead.
Creating a Sleep-Friendly Bedroom

Your bedroom should support sleep rather than encourage alertness.
Aim for an environment that is comfortable, dark, quiet, and cool enough for you to sleep comfortably.
| Bedroom Factor | What You Can Try |
| Light | Use blackout curtains or reduce bright light |
| Noise | Reduce disruptive sounds or use consistent background noise |
| Temperature | Keep the room comfortably cool |
| Bedding | Choose comfortable, supportive bedding |
| Electronics | Keep distracting devices away from the bed |
| Clutter | Keep the sleeping area calm and organized |
Comfort matters, but expensive products are not automatically necessary. Before buying new sleep products, identify the specific problem you are trying to solve.
Avoiding Disruptive Evening Habits
Some common evening behaviors can make it harder to sleep.
Consider limiting:
- Heavy meals immediately before bed
- Caffeine late in the day
- Alcohol close to bedtime
- Long evening naps
- Bright lights late at night
- Intense or stressful work immediately before bed
- Excessive phone or social media use in bed
- Watching stimulating content when you are trying to wind down
You may not need to give up all your activities, only those that interfere with sleep and look for other options. If you often look at your phone in bed, for example, try charging it elsewhere and indulge in a non-screens activity like reading.
Building Long-Term Sleep Habits
The most effective sleep routine is one you can maintain.
Rather than attempting to completely change your lifestyle in one night, introduce changes gradually.
A simple four-week approach could look like this:
| Week | Focus |
| Week 1 | Establish a consistent wake-up time |
| Week 2 | Add a relaxing bedtime routine |
| Week 3 | Improve your bedroom environment |
| Week 4 | Review caffeine, exercise, stress, and evening habits |
Be it noting your bedtime and your approximate bedtime for the next morning along with how often you wake during the night, how much caffeine and exercise you had, and how you feel in the morning.
Final Thoughts
Sleep habits improve not by achieving perfection every night but by making a few healthy habits that are sustainable from day to day. Decide on a wind down routine, and set up your sleep environment. Move a little every day.
Limit caffeine and manage your stress.
Measuring progress-your habits-rather than getting into habits that are impossible to maintain is more effective. A plan that works every day is more realistic than one you only complete every few days.